Smartphone controlled Arduino Robot Car :[DIY]

Smartphone controlled  Arduino Robot Car:

Basics:

Today we are going to make a smartphone controlled Robot car by using arduino and bluethooh module so it is necessary to learn about communication of arduino with smartphone using bluetooth. Click here to go my previous post .

Material required:

•  Arduino board

• Bluetooth Module (HC-05)

• Chassis, Motors , Wheels

• Jumper wires and some basic elements

• Motor driver (you can use any type of motor driver)

• Battery(9V or 12V) 

Basic Concept:

First we will connect arduino to the smartphone via bluetooth module then an android app will send some bytes by clicking on UP,DOWN,LEFT,RIGHT buttons.

after receiving these bytes,arduino will process these bytes. After processing, arduino will send some signal to the motor driver for running bot.

Circuit diagram:
This is an easiest circuit for making a smartphone controlled bot.

to be continued....

I hope you have enjoyed this :)

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RF Receiver and Transmitter [Simple Steps]

Introduction to RF Receiver and Transmitter 

What is RF?

Radio frequency (RF) is any of the electromagnetic wave frequencies that lie in the range extending from around 3 kHz to 300 GHz, which include those frequencies used for communications or radar signals. RF usually refers to electrical rather than mechanical oscillations. However, mechanical RF systems do exist (see mechanical filter and RF MEMS). more info: Wikipedia 

RF Transmitter:

Rf transmitter is a combination of electronics components (like Resistors ,capacitors, transistor, Oscillator etc.)  assembled on a PCB board.

The basic principle of RF transmitter is to transfer a data to Receiver by "Encoder" after modulation using oscillator and other amplification ICs. The transmission rate of RF is in the range of 1Kbps-10kbps which is sufficient to transfer 8-bit data one at a time.

RF Receiver:

RF receiver module receives the modulated RF signal, and convert the information in usable form. It receives signals through antenna it receives all the wave in the receiving range(ie. 3 kHz to 300 GHz).

The antenna intercepts radio waves and converts them to tiny alternating current which are applied to the receiver, and the receiver extracts the desired information. After receiving the signal the electronic filters to separate desirable radio waves. Now it is turn of "Decoder" to decode the signals.

Flow diagram for communication between RF Receiver and Transmitter:

 

Encoder IC:

An encoder is a device, circuit, converts information from one format or code to another, for the purposes of standardization, speed or compression.

Encoder IC send a data with a particular address or in encrypted from which is only decoded by IC which is set on same the address.

HT12E Encoder IC is commonly used for Radio Applications. It can transfer 12-bits of parallel data in which 8 Address bits and 4 data bits.

Decoder IC:

A decoder is a used to decode the signal with is coming from encoder though any type of medium. It decode serial data to digital output like "1001" by using some logic gates(like AND ,OR,XOR etc.).It contains very complex combination of these gates which is difficult to understand.Bye the way, this is not our concern :)

Now we know basics about Rf and Decoders and Encodes Let's start some practical....

Direct communication between Decoder and Encoder: 

Here  we will see how to communication between Encoder an Decoder via connecting wire between Input and output pin of Encoder an Decoder so are you ready to start making simple circuit as given blow.

Circuit Diagram 

There is no need to connect connect A0-A7 because there pins are use to set address that we use in RF transmission.

Now when you start pressing switch the corresponding LED will blink and LED which is connected to pin 17 is shows whether signal coming or not. When it blinks it means one of the switch is pressed. 

Note: The ratio of resistors in Encoder to Decoder is in the range of 5 to 7 and values of there resistors should be the order of 100k ohm(ex. 660k ohm for Encoder and 100k ohm for Decoder).

Let's go to the next step....

Communication using RF receiver and transmitter:

Here  we will see how to communication  between Encoder an Decoder RF receiver and transmitter through radio waves between Input and output pin of Encoder an Decoder so are you ready to start making simple circuit as given blow.

Circuit Diagram 

Here you can set you address as you want so that no other signal will interfere with your signal.

Why it is necessary to set address ? 

Let't take an example..

You are in a contest of robotics where many participants come with there bots than it might be possible that your robot will distract with other's radio signals but one you set your unique address than it will not take any unwanted signal surrounded it.

Note: The address pins of decoder and encoder will be switch on in same manner like Encoder set to "10000101" than Decoder should also be "10000101". (here "1" denote ON and "0" for OFF for each pin).

Now you are able to do experiments with this because you have a 4-bit data signal. You can use it in you Remote Control Bot and Home automation and other many things. now it is depend on you that how you use it.

If you make something new using RF than write in comment box.

We meet in next article which is RF control BOT(Car).

I hope you have enjoyed this :)

If you like this article than don't forget to click on follow button.

For any suggestion and query please write in comment box.

Communicating with Arduino by using Bluethooth [Simple Steps]

Communicating with Arduino by using Bluetooth

What is Bluetooth?

Bluetooth is a global wireless communication standard that connects devices together over a certain distance. Think headset and phone, speaker and PC, basketball to smartphone and more. It is built into billions of products on the market today and connects the Internet of Things (IoT). For more information about IoT, Click here.

How does Bluetooth work?

A Bluetooth device uses radio waves instead of wires or cables to connect to a phone or computer. A Bluetooth product, like a headset or watch, contains a tiny computer chip with a Bluetooth radio and software that makes it easy to connect. When two Bluetooth devices want to talk to each other, they need to pair. Communication between Bluetooth devices happens over short-range, ad HOC networks known as piconets. A piconet is a network of devices connected using Bluetooth technology. The network ranges from two to eight connected devices. When a network is established, one device takes the role of the master while all the other devices act as slaves. Piconets are established dynamically and automatically as Bluetooth devices enter and leave radio proximity. If you want a more technical explanation, you can read the core specification or visit the Wikipedia page for a deeper technical dive.

About HC-05 Bluetooth module for arduino :

Correct connections:

NOTE:  Rx pin of arduino should connect to Tx of Bluetooth vice versa.

About Pins of  HC-05 Bluetooth module:

• Vcc:  Indicated range is 3.6 to 6 volt. To be on safer side, you should connect it to 3.3 Volt.
• GND: Ground
• TX: Serial output pin
• RX: Serial input pin

Baud rate of HC-05:

Generally the baud rate of 9600 but it can also differ for different module you can simply check by changing baud rate in your serial monitor of Arduino.

 Default password for connecting to your phone:

 Generally the default password for HC-05 is "1234" or you can check it on your datasheet  of your Bluetooth module.

Now this is the time for making a small project using Bluetooth

We are going to blink a LED via Bluetooth signal using Smartphone.
List of Parts needed:

• Arduino
• Breadboard 
• Some jumpers wires
• Bluetooth module (ex. HC-05)
• Android Phone with this app multicontroller (click here to download)
• LEDs, resistors etc.

First you need to build a circuit given blow by using breadboard and jumper wires.

Circuit Diagram

Now this is time to do code in arduino:
//*******************************************************//
//initializing pin 8 for led 
int ledPin=8;
void setup() {
  // starting the serial port
  Serial.begin(9600);
  //initializing ledPin to OUTPUT mode
  pinMode(ledPin,OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
  //checking whether data is coming from the device
  while(Serial.available()>0)
  {
    int data=Serial.read(); //reading data from Bluetooth module 
    Serial.println(data);   //print data in serial monitor
    if(data==1)  //if button 1 pressed led blink
    {
      digitalWrite(ledPin,HIGH);
    }
    if(data==2)   //if button 2 id pressed led will turn off
    {
      digitalWrite(ledPin,LOW);
    }  
  }
}
//*******************************************************//
Now this is the time to upload the code into Arduino just click on Upload button
NOTE: One thing you should remember that at the time of uploading code into Arduino Tx& and Rx pin should be disconnected to Arduino.

Final steps:

Turn on your Bluetooth .
Open Multicontroller  (click here to download)  App than click on "Select Bluetooth Module" and than choose Module named as "HC-05" (or other).
Now you can control your LED by button "1" and "2".

That was all about basics of Bluetooth controlling. You can do many interesting projects by using Bluetooth and Android Phone. 

I hope you have enjoyed this :)

For any suggestion and query please write in comment box.

Thanks.

  

 

Practicing  without Arduino (Online Simulation)

Most of you are interested in electronics and robotics but you also know that is difficult to make some projects due to unavailability of electronics items which you needed in your projects.

We are also know that electronics items are so costly and sometimes you can't able to get desirable items which you need.

So don't worry let's we start to make those projects on https://circuits.io

Step 1: 

Free Sign Up on https://circuits.io with your Email or Facebook account.

Step 2:

 Click on menu:>>

Then click on Electronics Lab:>>

 

 Then click on New Electronics Lab:>>

Now all are ready :)

For more clarification watch this video :

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Let's try this pre designed circuit of above video:

https://circuits.io/circuits/2551447-progress-bar 

If you create something new on circuits.io then paste the link in comment box :)

For any suggestion and query please write in comment box.

Thanks.

 

  

 

 

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